重慶路燈生產廠家：太陽能路燈構成及特性

隨(sui)著地球資源(yuan)的日益(yi)貧(pin)乏，基(ji)礎能(neng)源(yuan)的投資成本日益(yi)攀高，各種(zhong)安(an)全(quan)和污(wu)染(ran)隱患(huan)無處(chu)不(bu)在，太陽能(neng)作(zuo)為一(yi)種(zhong)“取(qu)之不(bu)盡，用之不(bu)竭”的安(an)全(quan)、環(huan)保新(xin)能(neng)源(yuan)越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)受重視。同時，也隨(sui)著太陽能(neng)光(guang)伏技術(shu)的發展和進步，太陽能(neng)發電在路燈照明領域(yu)發展突飛猛進。

什么是太陽能路燈？

太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)路(lu)燈(deng)(deng)是采用晶體硅太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)池供電(dian)(dian)，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池儲存電(dian)(dian)能(neng)，超高亮LED作為光源，并由智(zhi)能(neng)化充放電(dian)(dian)控(kong)制器控(kong)制，用于代替傳統公用電(dian)(dian)力照明的路(lu)燈(deng)(deng)。

太(tai)陽能(neng)路燈的主要組成部分：太(tai)陽能(neng)板、蓄電(dian)池、控制(zhi)器、光(guang)源、燈桿。

太陽能(neng)路燈的工作原(yuan)理是什么？

白天(tian)：太(tai)陽能(neng)板(ban)吸收太(tai)陽光(guang)譜產(chan)(chan)生電(dian)(dian)能(neng)，經過控制(zhi)器控制(zhi)轉(zhuan)換，將太(tai)陽能(neng)板(ban)產(chan)(chan)生的(de)電(dian)(dian)量，儲存到蓄電(dian)(dian)池里面。晚(wan)上(shang)：蓄電(dian)(dian)池里面的(de)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)經過控制(zhi)器轉(zhuan)換，驅動LED光(guang)源發(fa)光(guang)。

太陽能路燈由太陽能板、蓄(xu)電池、控制器、光源、燈桿等組成(cheng)，接下來為大(da)家介紹太陽能路燈的核心(xin)組件。

主要組成——太陽能板

太(tai)陽能(neng)板--又(you)稱為(wei)“太(tai)陽能(neng)芯片(pian)”或(huo)“光(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)”“太(tai)陽電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)”，是(shi)一種利用(yong)太(tai)陽光(guang)(guang)(guang)直(zhi)接發電(dian)(dian)(dian)的光(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)半(ban)導體薄片(pian)。太(tai)陽能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是(shi)通過光(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效應或(huo)者光(guang)(guang)(guang)化學效應直(zhi)接把光(guang)(guang)(guang)能(neng)轉化成電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的裝置。以光(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效應工(gong)作的多(duo)晶硅、單晶硅太(tai)陽能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)為(wei)主(zhu)流(liu)。太(tai)陽光(guang)(guang)(guang)照在半(ban)導體p-n結上，形(xing)(xing)成新的空穴(xue)--電(dian)(dian)(dian)子對。在p-n結電(dian)(dian)(dian)場的作用(yong)下，空穴(xue)由n區(qu)(qu)流(liu)向p區(qu)(qu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)子由p區(qu)(qu)流(liu)向n區(qu)(qu)，接通電(dian)(dian)(dian)路而形(xing)(xing)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。

太陽(yang)能電池分類：單晶硅(gui)(gui)電池、多(duo)晶硅(gui)(gui)電池、非晶硅(gui)(gui)電池、薄膜電池

太陽能電池片種類

太陽(yang)能電池各種(zhong)類區別也很大(da)，具體如下：

主要組成——蓄電池

把電能(neng)(neng)儲存為(wei)化(hua)學能(neng)(neng)，需要放電時再次把化(hua)學能(neng)(neng)轉換為(wei)電能(neng)(neng)，將這類(lei)電池稱為(wei)蓄(xu)電池。

一般有鉛酸蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、Ni-Cd蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、Ni-H蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)的(de)選(xuan)擇(ze)一般要遵(zun)循以下(xia)原則：首先在能(neng)(neng)(neng)滿足(zu)(zu)夜晚(wan)照明的(de)前提(ti)下(xia)，把(ba)白天(tian)(tian)(tian)太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組件的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)盡量(liang)存儲下(xia)來，同(tong)時還(huan)要能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)存儲滿足(zu)(zu)連續陰雨天(tian)(tian)(tian)夜晚(wan)照明需要的(de)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)過小不能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)滿足(zu)(zu)夜晚(wan)照明的(de)需要，蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)過大(da)，蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)使用不完，造成浪費。蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)應與太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、用電(dian)(dian)負荷（路燈(deng)）相匹(pi)配。可用一種簡(jian)單方法(fa)確定它(ta)們之間的(de)關系。電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)要求滿足(zu)(zu)陰雨天(tian)(tian)(tian)消耗能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)的(de)總和，太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)板(ban)的(de)功率滿足(zu)(zu)一天(tian)(tian)(tian)有效光照條(tiao)件下(xia)能(neng)(neng)(neng)充滿電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。

不同電池(chi)體(ti)系性能對比

不(bu)同鋰電池材料(liao)體系性能對比 

主要組成——光伏控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)

光伏控制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)：控制(zhi)太陽能(neng)板對蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)及(ji)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池給負載供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)自動(dong)控制(zhi)設(she)備(bei)。無論太陽能(neng)路燈大小，一個性(xing)能(neng)良好的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)不可(ke)或缺。為了延長蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)使(shi)用壽命，必須(xu)對它的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)條(tiao)件加(jia)以(yi)限(xian)制(zhi)，防止蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池過充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)深度(du)(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。在溫差較大的(de)地方，合格的(de)控制(zhi)器(qi)(qi)還應具備(bei)溫度(du)(du)補償功能(neng)。

光伏控制器特點：

1、完善的保護功能：超溫，反(fan)接，短路(lu)，過流(liu)，過充/放等。

2、功率調節：根(gen)據每天充電(dian)(dian)量，自動調節放電(dian)(dian)功率

3、歷史(shi)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)：可(ke)以讀(du)取7天工作的歷史(shi)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)   

4、狀態(tai)指(zhi)示：指(zhi)示當前(qian)所處的工(gong)作狀態(tai)

5、太陽能板*大效(xiao)率跟蹤

主要組成(cheng)——LED光源

LED（Light Emitting Diode），發光(guang)二極管，是(shi)一種固態的(de)半(ban)導(dao)體器件，半(ban)導(dao)體中(zhong)的(de)載流(liu)子(zi)發生(sheng)復合引起光(guang)子(zi)反射(she)而產生(sheng)光(guang)。具有高亮度、能耗、壽命(ming)長、啟(qi)動快，功率(lv)小、無(wu)頻閃、不(bu)容易產生(sheng)視覺疲勞(lao)等優點。

貼片LED燈珠分類

LED燈珠特點：

1、體(ti)積小(xiao)，LED基本上是一塊(kuai)很小(xiao)的(de)芯片(pian)封裝(zhuang)在環氧樹脂里(li)面，所以它(ta)非(fei)常(chang)小(xiao)、也很輕(qing)。

2、使用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)長，理論(lun)使用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)10萬(wan)小時(shi)，實際使用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)達(da)到5萬(wan)小時(shi)以上(shang)。

3、環保(bao)，LED材料(liao)都是(shi)使用環保(bao)材料(liao)制成，不含(han)污(wu)染有毒物質。

4、節(jie)能，同樣功(gong)率的(de)LED燈與普通白熾(chi)燈和(he)日光(guang)燈相比，功(gong)率只要白熾(chi)燈的(de)1/6,日光(guang)燈的(de)1/2

燈桿

燈(deng)桿的(de)(de)高度應根據道路的(de)(de)寬度、燈(deng)具的(de)(de)間距，道路的(de)(de)照度標準(zhun)確定。可根據各地特(te)色配備富有特(te)色的(de)(de)燈(deng)桿，使燈(deng)桿兼(jian)顧美觀(guan)和節能(neng)特(te)性。